Female Gentital Circumcision ( Cutting Or Mutilation)

Running head : FEMALE GENITAL CIRCUMCISIONFemale venereal CircumcisionNameCollegeDateFemale genital CircumcisionWorld Health Organization (WHO , 1996 ) recognizes egg-producing(prenominal) genital circumcision (FGCas a terminal run into referring to conventional practices which involve partial or external womanish genitalia of girls and women . These maps atomic number 18 performed for non-therapeutic reasons and are often referred to as female genital mutilation (FGM . These procedures do not include genital running(a) process performed for medic solelyy prescribed reasons or gender re-assignment surgeries (WHO , 1996 . WHO (1996 ) condemns all forms of FGC and calls for the abolishment of the practiceFGC encompasses a variety of procedures ranging from the excision of prepuce (the foldof flake above the button ) - t o partial or clitoris (clitoridectomy ) - to infibulation , the close to original form of genital mutilation (Toubia , 1994 . Infibulation involves complete removal of clitoris and labia minora , along with inner surface of labia majora . The two sides of vulva are accordingly sewn in concert with silk or catgut sutures , so that when the skin of the stay labia majora heals , a bridge of scar thread forms over the vagina . A small opening is preserved , normally by interposition of a foreign body , to period of time the passage of pee and menstrual blood (Toubia , 1994 . The legs of the women are more or lesstimes bound together for several days , after the feat of the procedure , to allow the scar tissue to form . Since the procedure creates a forcible barrier , in to have a successful vaginal penetration the residual vaginal opening night needs to be gradually dilated by the cleaning lady s husband over a period of time . up to now this may not progeny in successf ul vaginal penetration many a times and in t! hat end the woman has to be re- buffet . At the time of child- line of descent the woman might be cut once once over again (defibulation ) to allow for the passage of baby finished vaginal orifice (Toubia , 1994 . After the baby s birth the blunt edges are sutured again (re-infibulation .

The age at which the procedure is performed , varies crossways different geographical locations and communities . In some groups it is performed on babies , plot in some communities it is performed between the ages of 4-15 years (Morris 2006 . It may besides be carried off in adolescence , at the time of brotherhood or til now at the time of first gestation . The operation normally lasts for about 15-20 minutes . It is performed without exploitation unimaginative precautions and is carried out using special knifes , scissors , scalpels pieces of glass or razor blades (WHO , 1996 . The instruments are sometimes re- utilize without cleaning . No anesthetics , pain-killers or antibiotics are used . Pastes containing herbs , ashes etc are usually applied over the wounds . Operations are usually undertaken by an elderly woman in the connection specially designed for this task or by traditional birth attendants (Toubia , 1994 . Although in some cases health personnel want midwives and doctors may be also involvedDifferent variety systems for FGC procedures exist . fit in to the classification system devised by WHO workings Group (1996 ) four-spot types of FGC procedures have been mainly...If you want to get a full essay, fix it on our website: BestEssayChe ap.com

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